| 项目 | 内容 |
|---|
| 题型 | Problem/Solution（问题解决类） |
| 话题 | 社会类 - 人口结构 |
| 关键词 | older people, increasing, problems, solutions |
| 考察能力 | 分析社会问题并提出可行解决方案 |
【开头段】
├── 背景：demographic ageing transforming societies
├── 原因：life expectancy ↑, birth rates ↓
├── 影响预告：unprecedented challenges
└── 结构预告：examine problems, propose solutions
【主体段1 - 问题】
├── 个人层面
│ ├── 健康：chronic diseases, dependence
│ ├── 孤独：outlive peers, children live far
│ └── 经济：insufficient savings
│
└── 社会层面
├── 养老金：pension schemes, solvent
├── 医疗：healthcare expenditure soars
├── 劳动力：shrinking, labour shortages
└── 代际：intergenerational tensions
【主体段2 - 解决方案】
├── 政府政策
│ ├── 延迟退休
│ ├── 就业激励
│ ├── 再培训
│ └── 反歧视
├── 医疗转型：preventive, healthy ageing
├── 移民政策：offset labour shortages
├── 个人责任：save, social networks, active
└── 技术辅助：telemedicine, robots, assistive devices
【结尾段】
├── 总结挑战：healthcare, pensions, labour, wellbeing
├── 列举应对：policy, technology, healthcare, individual
└── 升华：add years to life → add life to years
| 词汇/短语 | 含义 | 用法示例 |
|---|
| demographic ageing | 人口老龄化 | demographic ageing is transforming |
| life expectancy | 预期寿命 | as life expectancy rises |
| chronic diseases | 慢性病 | chronic diseases become increasingly common |
| social isolation | 社会隔离 | loneliness and social isolation |
| remain solvent | 保持偿付能力 | struggle to remain solvent |
| labour shortages | 劳动力短缺 | leading to labour shortages |
| intergenerational tensions | 代际紧张 | intergenerational tensions over resources |
| preventive care | 预防性医疗 | shift emphasis toward preventive care |
| telemedicine | 远程医疗 | telemedicine brings healthcare to isolated elderly |
| assistive devices | 辅助设备 | assistive devices support independent living |
这些表达可以用于其他社会问题话题：
| 原句 | 可迁移到 |
|---|
| "strains public systems in multiple ways" | 医疗、教育、福利系统压力 |
| "the ratio of X to Y grows" | 任何比例变化的讨论 |
| "coordinated action on multiple fronts" | 需要综合方案的话题 |
| "shift emphasis toward prevention" | 医疗、犯罪、环境话题 |
| "add life to years, not just years to life" | 健康、幸福、教育话题 |
